Archaeologists have made significant discoveries near the famed mortuary temple of Queen Hatshepsut located at Deir al-Bahari, Egypt. The excavation team has uncovered a trove of artifacts and structures that date back to the 17th dynasty, shedding light on the architectural and cultural practices of ancient Egypt. These findings not only enhance the understanding of Hatshepsut’s reign but also provide insight into the lives of those who lived during her time.
Among the most notable discoveries are 1,500 colorful stone blocks that were part of Hatshepsut’s valley temple, known as Djeser Djeseru in ancient times. This impressive structure has long captivated the interest of historians and archaeologists alike. Aidan Dodson, a prominent Egyptologist, emphasized the significance of this discovery, stating, “For me, the most important is the discovery of the blocks from the valley temple of Hatshepsut.”
The excavation site also revealed a cemetery dating back to the 17th dynasty, approximately between 1635 and 1550 B.C. Located in proximity to Hatshepsut's mortuary temple, the cemetery contains coffins that hold the remains of ancient Egyptians. Notably, the team discovered the tomb of Djehuty Mes, who served as an overseer of the palace for Queen Tetisheri, a prominent figure who lived during the 17th dynasty and possibly into the early 18th dynasty.
In addition to human remains, the team recovered various artifacts that provide further context about life during this period. Among these items were an adze, a wooden hammer, two chisels, and a wooden cast model used for making mud bricks. The artifacts are inscribed with the phrase “the good god Neb Maat Re, in the temple Djeser Djeseru, beloved by Amun,” referencing Amun, the chief god of Thebes, now known as Luxor. Zahi Hawass, a leading figure in Egyptian archaeology, noted the importance of these inscriptions for understanding religious practices of the time.
The cemetery excavation also yielded evidence of weaponry, including bows and arrowheads. These artifacts suggest that ancient Egyptians may have been preparing for conflicts with the Hyksos, a group that invaded Egypt during this period. This new evidence adds depth to existing historical narratives about warfare and defense strategies in ancient Egypt.
The valley temple surrounding Hatshepsut's mortuary site was only briefly examined by renowned archaeologist Howard Carter over a century ago. The recent findings have sparked renewed interest in this area, promising to reveal more about Hatshepsut’s reign, which lasted from approximately 1473 to 1458 B.C., during Egypt's 18th dynasty.
Thutmose III, Hatshepsut's stepson and successor, is believed to have restored her mortuary temple after her death. This restoration highlights the enduring legacy of Hatshepsut’s rule and her prominence in Egyptian history.
As excavations continue at Deir al-Bahari, archaeologists anticipate further discoveries that may illuminate additional aspects of ancient Egyptian culture. Each artifact and structure unearthed adds another layer to the complex history surrounding one of Egypt's most powerful female pharaohs.
