Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have already stated that they intend to draw up a peace agreement by May 2. Their objective is to promote an end to the unresolved violence in DRC’s restive eastern region. Both countries remain focused on trying to stabilize the situation as fighting has again erupted. This comeback marks a return to chronic problems for the M23 rebels.
The deal, as it is called, was struck behind closed doors in Washington, D.C. The two countries went further, though, publishing a joint declaration committing to ending military assistance to non-state armed groups. Rwanda’s Foreign Minister, Olivier Nduhungirehe, was adamant in insisting that their actions were required to protect national security from hostile militias operating within DRC. Rwanda has always denied backing the M23 insurgents. This demographic has been a central force behind the recent protests.
Eastern DRC has seen an explosion of violence since January, leading to deepening international alarm over the region’s turmoil. This area is not only turbulent but rich in minerals, attracting attention from global investors, including the United States. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio called the deal between Rwandan and the DRC leaders a “win-win.” He stressed its ability to foster peace and expand economic prospects.
Both countries have committed to respecting one another’s sovereignty as part of this new peace effort. DRC’s Foreign Minister, Therese Kayikwamba Wagner, stated that she was “cautiously optimistic” about the progress of the peace process.
“The good news is there is hope for peace. The real news – peace must be earned, and it will require seriousness, transparency and sincerity,” – Therese Kayikwamba Wagner
In the past, Rwanda and DRC have had a notoriously difficult relationship. Since 2021, they have tried in vain at six truces that all disintegrated into violence, highlighting the tenuous path forward. To add confusion to this already volatile equation, Congolese DRC forces have been involved in fighting the M23 rebels.
