A remarkable sighting has thrilled researchers and local communities alike, as a spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) has been documented in Egypt for the first time in 5,000 years. This rare event unfolded when local people tracked and killed the animal after it reportedly hunted and killed two goats. The incident occurred in Wadi Yahmib, approximately 19 miles from the Sudanese and Egyptian border, deep in the Sahara desert.
Spotted hyenas are known inhabitants of sub-Saharan Africa, typically residing in complex social groups that can number up to 100 individuals. These formidable predators are capable of hunting large prey such as young rhinos, wildebeest, and zebras. However, their presence in Egypt is a historic anomaly, as the species went extinct in the region thousands of years ago due to drastic climate changes.
The hyena's unexpected journey northward can be attributed to several factors. Over the past five years, a regional weather cycle has resulted in increased rainfall and plant growth, potentially supporting prey for adventurous hyenas traveling beyond their usual range. The sighting might suggest recent environmental changes that have allowed at least one hyena to venture into Egypt.
"Previously, the region boasted a lush landscape similar to sub-Saharan Africa, supporting a diverse range of large mammals such as elephants, giraffes, leopards, and spotted hyenas," said Abdullah Nagy.
The hyena's presence in Egypt raises questions about its solitary nature during the journey. While it was found alone, it remains possible that others accompanied it. Researchers also speculate that Sudan's political instability and ongoing civil strife might have contributed to an increase in hyena populations, prompting some to explore new territories.
This sighting highlights significant environmental shifts in the region. The area once supported a diverse array of large mammals, with its lush environment providing ample sustenance. Climate changes over millennia led to the disappearance of such ecosystems, but recent developments might be reversing some of these effects.
"The local people are master trackers and familiar with all large mammals of the area," noted the study authors.
The hyena's incursion into Egypt is an intriguing development that has invited further research into regional biodiversity and environmental adaptations. It underscores the resilience and adaptability of wildlife species amidst changing landscapes and political conditions.
